Linking Emotional Intelligence, Physical Activity and Aggression among Undergraduates.

Several indicators are strongly related to health and well-being in university students, such as emotional intelligence and physical activity. At the same time, some qualities threaten it and are incompatible with students' adaptation to society in general, such as aggressive behaviours. The aim of this research is to analyse the relationship established between emotional intelligence using TMMS-24, physical activity, using IPAQ, and aggression behaviours in university students. For this purpose, a descriptive, cross-sectional and non-experimental study was developed with 932 undergraduates (M = 20.55; SD = 3.673). The findings highlight how emotional intelligence and physical activity practice decrease violent behaviour in university students. In addition, men tend to have more aggressive behaviours than women as well as the relation between physical activity and emotional intelligence is stronger in all its dimensions. Results highlight the importance of including emotional intelligence programs in order to enable undergraduate well-being.

An Analysis of Personal Learning Environments and Age-Related Psychosocial Factors of Unaccompanied Foreign Minors.

Spain is one of the countries with the greatest influx of immigrants and, specifically, of unaccompanied foreign minors (UFMs). The educational and social inclusion of unaccompanied foreign minors poses both a challenge and a threat to current policy. Nonetheless, studies linking educational aspects to the phenomenon of the integration of these children are scarce and do not specify the most influential educational tools and strategies. In this sense, a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional research study is presented. The aim of this study is to examine whether variables such as age and the use of applications and social networks determine the personal learning environments (PLE) of unaccompanied foreign minors. The sample of the present study was formed by 624 individuals (♂ = 92.1% (n = 575); ♀ = 7.9% (n = 49)) aged between 8 and 17 years old. The majority came from Morocco and resided in the cities of Ceuta and Melilla. The "PLE and Social Integration of UFMs" questionnaire was used as the study instrument. Amongst the main findings, significant differences are highlighted in the personal learning environments as a function of age-related psychosocial factors as they pertain to unaccompanied foreign minors. Four factors were seen to exist in relation to the personal learning environments of unaccompanied foreign minors: self-concept of the learning process, planning and management of learning, use of resources and tools, and communication and social interaction. The same trend was observed in the four factors, with older age groups reporting better scores. On the other hand, results show that the use of applications and social networks have a significant and favourable impact on personal learning environment construction.

The Relationship between Emotional Regulation and School Burnout: Structural Equation Model According to Dedication to Tutoring.

School burnout constitutes a current phenomenon which generates diverse negative consequences in the personal and academic lives of students. Given this situation, it is necessary to develop actions that permit us to regulate this harmful mental state and that are administered from within the school context. A descriptive and cross-sectional study is presented that pursues the objective of examining a structural equation model which brings together burnout and emotional regulation. The model assumes that students receive tutoring at school in order to tackle these types of problems. For this, the sample constituted a total of 569 students from the province of Granada (men = 52.3% (n = 298); women = 47.7% (n = 271)). Mean age was reported as 10.39 ± 0.95 years and the School Burnout Inventory (BMI) and the Emotional Regulation Scale were utilized as the principal instruments. As main findings it was observed that students who received one hour of weekly tutoring showed a positive relationship between expressive suppression as a strategy of emotional regulation, cynicism, and exhaustion as consequences of school burnout. In the same way, a direct association existed between burnout-related exhaustion and cognitive repair. Given that significant relationships could not be observed between these variables in students who do not receive tutoring, higher use of emotional regulation was confirmed amongst tutored students when faced with this negative mental state.

Relationship between Leadership and Emotional Intelligence in Teachers in Universities and Other Educational Centres: A Structural Equation Model.

This study uses an explanatory model of the dimensions of leadership and emotional intelligence according to the methods used in particular teaching environments (universities and other educational institutions). The effect of different kinds of leadership on emotional intelligence dimensions is also established using an explanatory model. A total of 954 teachers participated in this cross-sectional study, teaching in 137 different schools/universities. The instruments used for the data collection were the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5) and the Trait Meta Mood Scale (TMMS-24). Data analysis was performed with the software IBM AMOS 23.0. (International Business Machines Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) using multi-group analysis and structural equations. Results showed that the structural equation model had a good fit. Transformational leadership depends mainly on intellectual stimulation in university teachers, whereas intrinsic motivation is more relevant at the lower educational levels. In relation to transactional leadership, contingency reward has a greater regression weight in non-university education, whereas passive leadership is governed more by passive exception in university teachers. There was a positive and direct relationship between levels of emotional intelligence and transformational leadership in non-university teachers, which reveals the need for effective understanding and management of both one's own and students' emotions in order to act effectively as a leader. Transactional leadership was negatively related to some emotional intelligence dimensions, given the relevance of obtaining power in this dimension.

An Explanatory Model of Emotional Intelligence and Its Association with Stress, Burnout Syndrome, and Non-Verbal Communication in the University Teachers.

The present study set out to define and contrast an explanatory model of perception of stress, the dimensions of burnout syndrome, emotional intelligence, and non-verbal communication in a sample of university teachers. A total of 1316 teachers from Spain, aged between 24 and 70 years (M = 45.64, SD = 10.33) and evenly distributed between both sexes, participated. The measurement instruments employed were the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24), and the Nonverbal Immediacy Scale (NIS) A structural equation model was produced that demonstrated adequate fit to the empirical data (130,259; df = 9; p < 0.001; CFI = 0.907; NIF = 0.914; IFI = 0.923; RMSEA = 0.077). Results revealed that stress relates positively with emotional exhaustion and negatively with personal fulfilment. Emotional exhaustion was associated directly with emotional attention and inversely with emotional clarity and emotional repair, with these being linked to personal fulfilment. Both emotional clarity and repair related positively with non-verbal communication. Conclusions from the present study are that emotional intelligence and body language are two relevant factors in the prevention of burnout syndrome, and as a result can help to ensure the mental wellbeing of university teachers.

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Is Related to Healthy Habits, Learning Processes, and Academic Achievement in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that following a healthy diet and practicing regular physical activity (PA) are related with multiple health benefits. However, the cognitive and academic implications of these behaviors within adolescents requires further study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a simple of 1059 adolescents from Spain. The main instruments employed were the Adherence to Mediterranean Diet Test (KIDMED), the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) and the Motivation and Learning Strategies Short Form (MSLQ-SF). RESULTS: Practicing PA for more than three hours per week was related to better dietary habits (p < 0.001) such as increased consumption of vegetables (0.75 ± 0.43 vs. 0.62 ± 0.48), fish (0.67 ± 0.47 vs. 0.58 ± 0.49), cereals (0.85 ± 0.35 vs. 0.77 ± 0.41) and nuts (0.44 ± 0.49 vs. 0.35 ± 0.47). High adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD) was positively related to elaboration strategies (r = 0.116), organizational strategies (r = 0.109), critical thinking (r = 0.116), self-regulation (r = 0.159), time and study habits (r = 0.160), self-regulation of effort (r = 0.118), and intrinsically orientated goals (r = 0.090) (p < 0.01 for all variables). Practicing PA every week was also related to improvements in several of the measured variables and in addition was related to lower levels of anxiety within the academic environment (r = -0.070; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Given the benefits of eating habits and the practice of PA in the cognitive processes involved in adolescent learning, intervention programs within the educational context are recommended to improve healthy habits.

The association of Self-concept with Substance Abuse and Problematic Use of Video Games in University Students: A Structural Equation Model. / Relación entre autoconcepto, consumo de sustancias y uso problemático de videojuegos en universitarios: un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales.

This study aims to define and contrast an explanatory model of consumption of alcohol, tobacco consumption, and problematic use of video games based on self-concept and its dimensions in a sample of university students. The research was conducted with a sample of 490 students from the province of Granada (Spain), aged between 20 and 29 years (M = 22.80 ± 3.63), with a homogeneous distribution by gender. The instruments used were the Self-concept Form-5 Questionnaire (García & Musitu, 1999), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (Saunders, Aasland, Babor, De la Fuente, & Grant, 1993), the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (Heatherton, Kozlowski, Frecker, & Fagerström, 1991) and the Questionnaire for Experiences Related to Video Games (Chamarro et al., 2014). A model of structural equations was estimated, which was adjusted properly, χ2(8) = 19.843, p = .011; CFI = .963, NFI = .943, IFI = .965, RMSEA = .055. As main results, a positive relationship between social and physical self-concept and consumption of alcohol was obtained, as well as a negative relationship between social self-concept and problematic use of videogames. Academic dimension was negatively related to alcohol and video game use. Furthermore, alcohol consumption was positively related to tobacco consumption and use of video games. It is concluded that levels of self-concept may represent a risk factor in substance abuse and digital leisure, and their study and consideration are appropriate.

El presente estudio pretende definir y contrastar un modelo explicativo del consumo de alcohol, tabaco y uso problemático de videojuegos en función del autoconcepto y sus dimensiones en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios. Participaron 490 estudiantes de la provincia de Granada (España), con una edad comprendida entre los 20 y 29 años (M = 22,80 ± 3,63) y una distribución homogénea según su sexo. Los instrumentos empleados fueron el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Forma-5 (García y Musitu, 1999), Test para la Identificación de Trastornos en el Uso de Alcohol (Saunders, Aasland, Babor, De la Fuente y Grant, 1993), Test para la Dependencia a la Nicotina (Heatherton, Kozlowski, Frecker y Fagerström, 1991) y el Cuestionario de Experiencias Relacionadas con Videojuegos (Chamarro et al., 2014). Se llevó a cabo un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que se ajustó de forma adecuada (χ2 = 19,843; gl = 8; p = .011; CFI = .963 NFI = .943; IFI = .965; RMSEA = .055). Los resultados revelan una relación positiva entre el autoconcepto social y físico con el consumo de alcohol, y negativa entre la dimensión social y el uso de videojuegos. La dimensión académica se relacionó negativamente con el consumo de alcohol y el uso de videojuegos. Asimismo, el consumo de alcohol se relacionó positivamente con el consumo de tabaco y el uso de videojuegos. Se concluye que los niveles de autoconcepto pueden representar un factor de riesgo en el consumo de sustancias y el ocio digital de pantalla, siendo conveniente su estudio y consideración.

Relación entre autoconcepto, consumo de sustancias y uso problemático de videojuegos en universitarios: un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales / The association of Self-concept with Substance Abuse and Problematic Use of Video Games in University Students: A Structural Equation Model

El presente estudio pretende definir y contrastar un modelo explicativo del consumo de alcohol, tabaco y uso problemático de videojuegos en función del autoconcepto y sus dimensiones en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios. Participaron 490 estudiantes de la provincia de Granada (España), con una edad comprendida entre los 20 y 29 años (M = 22,80 ± 3,63) y una distribución homogénea según su sexo. Los instrumentos empleados fueron el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Forma-5 (García y Musitu, 1999), Test para la Identificación de Trastornos en el Uso de Alcohol (Saunders, Aasland, Babor, De la Fuente y Grant, 1993), Test para la Dependencia a la Nicotina (Heatherton, Kozlowski, Frecker y Fagerström, 1991) y el Cuestionario de Experiencias Relacionadas con ideojuegos (Chamarro et al., 2014). Se llevó a cabo un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que se ajustó de forma adecuada (ji2 = 19,843; gl = 8; p = .011; CFI = .963 NFI = .943; IFI = .965; RMSEA = .055). Los resultados revelan una relación positiva entre el autoconcepto social y físico con el consumo de alcohol, y negativa entre la dimensión social y el uso de videojuegos. La dimensión académica se relacionó negativamente con el consumo de alcohol y el uso de videojuegos. Asimismo, el consumo de alcohol se relacionó positivamente con el consumo de tabaco y el uso de videojuegos. Se concluye que los niveles de autoconcepto pueden representar un factor de riesgo en el consumo de sustancias y el ocio digital de pantalla, siendo conveniente su estudio y consideración

This study aims to define and contrast an explanatory model of consumption of alcohol, tobacco consumption, and problematic use of video games based on self-concept and its dimensions in a sample of university students. The research was conducted with a sample of 490 students from the province of Granada (Spain), aged between 20 and 29 years (M = 22.80 ± 3.63), with a homogeneous distribution by gender. The instruments used were the Self-concept Form-5 Questionnaire (García & Musitu, 1999), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (Saunders, Aasland, Babor, De la Fuente, & Grant, 1993), the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (Heatherton, Kozlowski, Frecker, & Fagerström, 1991) and the Questionnaire for Experiences Related to Video Games (Chamarro et al., 2014). A model of structural equations was estimated, which was adjusted properly, ji2(8) = 19.843, p = .011; CFI = .963, NFI = .943, IFI = .965, RMSEA = .055. As main results, a positive relationship between social and physical self-concept and consumption of alcohol was obtained, as well as a negative relationship between social self-concept and problematic use of videogames. Academic dimension was negatively related to alcohol and video game use. Furthermore, alcohol consumption was positively related to tobacco consumption and use of video games. It is concluded that levels of self-concept may represent a risk factor in substance abuse and digital leisure, and their study and consideration are appropriate

Actividad física y conductas agresivas en adolescentes en régimen de acogimiento residencial / Physical activity and aggressive behaviour in adolescents in residential care

Resumen Se presenta un estudio ex post-facto de tipo descriptivo de medición única en un solo grupo que tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre las conductas agresivas y de bullying de adolescentes en régimen de acogimiento residencial con su género y la práctica de actividad física. La participación de un total de 203 adolescentes en acogimiento residencial de la provincia de Granada (España) permitió el registro y la evaluación de las siguientes variables: conducta violenta, bullying, nivel de practica de actividad física y modalidad y parámetros sociodemográficos. Los resultados mostraron que los adolescentes varones en acogimiento residencial presentan medias más elevadas en agresividad manifiesta o directa, mientras que el género femenino presenta índices de agresividad relacional más elevados. Predomina la realización de actividad física mediante deportes colectivos de contacto, cuya práctica es más frecuente en varones. Asimismo, se aprecian valores similares por modalidad deportiva en comportamientos agresivos y de bullying en jóvenes en régimen de acogimiento resi dencial. Como principal conclusión se muestra que los comportamientos agresivos de tipo manifiesto y reactivo son los más comunes en los adolescentes en acogimiento residencial, lo que revela baja capacidad de autocontrol.

Abstract A retrospective, descriptive study, with a single measurement in a single group is presented, in order to analyse the relationship between aggressive and bullying behaviours in adolescents in residential care. A total of 203 adolescents in residential care from the province of Granada (Spain) participated and the following variables were evaluated: Aggres sive Behaviour, Bullying, Performance of Physical Activity, Modality of Physical Activity, and Socio-Demographic Factors. The results showed that male adolescents in residential care have higher averages in manifest or direct aggressiveness, whilst girls have higher rates of relational aggressiveness. The performance of physical activity is predominant, with con tact group sports, being more common in males. Moreover, similar values are shown by sports modality, aggressive behaviours and bullying, in adolescents in residential care. As a main conclusion, it is shown that overt aggressive behaviour of reactive type is most com mon in adolescents living in residential care, which highlights low capacity of self-control in this population.

[Physical activity, obesity and self-esteem in chilean schoolchildren]. / Actividad física, obesidad y autoestima en escolares chilenos: Análisis mediante ecuaciones estructurales.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic disease and a problem for the Chilean society. AIM: To analyze the relationship between physical condition, body mass index (BMI), level of physical activity and self-esteem. Material ad Methods: Questionnaires to assess self-esteem (Rosemberg scale) and levels of physical activity (Physical Activity Questionnaire for older Children, PAQ-C) were answered by 515 children aged 10.5 ± 0.5 years from 27 schools of Santiago de Chile. BMI was calculated. Course-Navette test was carried out, vertical jump and hand dynamometry were measured. For statistical analysis, structural equations were used. RESULTS: An acceptable goodness of fit for the models was found. There was a positive relationship between BMI and hand dynamometry, as well as a negative relationship between BMI and maximal oxygen consumption, jumping ability, physical activity and self-esteem. Finally, self-esteem was positively related to physical activity engagement. CONCLUSIONS: In these children, self-esteem was related to physical activity variables.

Actividad física, obesidad y autoestima en escolares chilenos: Análisis mediante ecuaciones estructurales / Physical activity, obesity and self-esteem in chilean schoolchildren

Background: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic disease and a problem for the Chilean society. Aim: To analyze the relationship between physical condition, body mass index (BMI), level of physical activity and self-esteem. Material ad Methods: Questionnaires to assess self-esteem (Rosemberg scale) and levels of physical activity (Physical Activity Questionnaire for older Children, PAQ-C) were answered by 515 children aged 10.5 ± 0.5 years from 27 schools of Santiago de Chile. BMI was calculated. Course-Navette test was carried out, vertical jump and hand dynamometry were measured. For statistical analysis, structural equations were used. Results: An acceptable goodness of fit for the models was found. There was a positive relationship between BMI and hand dynamometry, as well as a negative relationship between BMI and maximal oxygen consumption, jumping ability, physical activity and self-esteem. Finally, self-esteem was positively related to physical activity engagement. Conclusions: In these children, self-esteem was related to physical activity variables.

Clima motivacional hacia el deporte y su relación con hábitos de ocio digital sedentario en estudiantes universitarios / Motivational climate in sport and its relationship with digital sedentary leisure habits in university students

Resumen El uso abusivo de videojuegos se asocia a consecuencias negativas para la salud, como son problemas músculo-esqueléticos, patología ocular o problemas cognitivos y emocionales. Ante esta problemática, múltiples estudios han demostrado como un estilo de vida activo mediante la práctica deportiva genera efectos positivos para la salud que rompen con las consecuencias del ocio digital sedentario. Este estudio de carácter descriptivo y corte transversal, realizado en una muestra de 490 estudiantes universitarios, tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre el clima motivacional hacia el deporte y el uso problemático de videojuegos, usando como principales instrumentos los cuestionarios CERV, CHCV y PMCSQ-2. Los resultados revelaron que aquellos universitarios que obtenían mayores puntuaciones en Clima Tarea y sus subcategorías eran los que menos problemas patológicos presentaban. Por el contrario, los participantes que padecían problemas potenciales o problemas severos, así como un nivel de uso y atracción medio, obtenían medias más elevadas en Clima Ego, Reconocimiento Desigual y Rivalidad entre Miembros. Se concluye que los universitarios con metas de logro en el deporte orientadas al Ego pueden presentar mayores problemas asociados al uso de videojuegos, principalmente por su búsqueda de motivaciones extrínsecas como la sensación de victoria, obtener mejor rendimiento que otros rivales o alcanzar nuevos retos. De este modo, resulta vital orientar la práctica deportiva a las motivaciones intrínsecas con el fin de evitar el abandono en el deporte y desarrollar una práctica más hedonista que se aleje de hábitos sedentarios.

Abstract Abusive use of video games is associated with negative health consequences, such as musculoskeletal problems, eye disease, or cognitive and emotional problems. In this sense, several studies have shown that an active lifestyle based on sport practice can generate positive health effects that discontinue the consequences of sedentary digital leisure. This descriptive and cross-sectional research was conducted on a sample of 490 university students. The main objective was to determine the relationship between problematic use of video games and motivational climate in sports, using as main instruments the CERV, CHCV, and PMCSQ-2 questionnaires. The results showed that those students who got a higher score on Task Climate and its categories were the participants who presented less pathological problems. By contrast, students who had potential or severe problems, as well as a medium level of use and attraction to video games, got a higher average in Ego Climate, Uneven Recognition, and Rivalry among Members. It is concluded that university students with achievement goals in sports that are oriented to Ego can show more problems associated with the use of video games, mainly because of its pursuit of extrinsic motivations like the feeling of victory, achievement of better performance in comparison with rivals or the quest for new challenges. Therefore, it is vital to promote a sport practice associated with intrinsic motivations in order to avoid sport abandonment and develop a more hedonistic practice to avert sedentary habits.

Violencia escolar en adolescentes: un análisis en función de la actividad física y lugar de residencia habitual / School violence in adolescents: A analysis based on physical activity and place of residence

Son variados y frecuentes los estudios que intentan establecer la relación directa entre variables de tipo psicosocial y deportivo en la conducta violenta y agresiva de los adolescentes, pero pocos incluyen la relación con residir fuera del contexto familiar. De esta manera en este estudio se evalúa la agresividad y componentes de la misma en jóvenes adolescentes, determinando los niveles de práctica de actividad físico-deportiva así como el lugar de residencia de alumnos de ESO de la ciudad de Granada (España) y dictaminando posibles relaciones entre la agresividad, lugar de residencia y realización de actividad física continua. La participación de un total de 2.273 adolescentes permitió el registro y evaluación de las variables de conducta violenta (medida con la escala de conducta violenta en la escuela), lugar de residencia y práctica de actividad física. Los resultados mostraron que los adolescentes no residentes en el hogar familiar tenían mayores índices de agresividad que los residentes y que los que practicaban deporte de manera regular presentaban índices de agresividad manifiesta mayores que los sedentarios. Como principal conclusión indicamos la necesidad de elaborar más estudios que intenten dilucidar más detalladamente aquellas variables que pueden inducir a comportamientos agresivos.

The studies attempting to establish the relationship directly between psychosocial variables and sporty type in violent behavior and aggressive adolescents are varied and frequent, but few include the relationship with reside outside the family context. The aim in this study is evaluated aggressiveness and components thereof in young adolescents, determining practice levels of physical and sporting activities as well as the residence of ESO students from the city of Granada (Spain) ruling and possible relationships between aggressiveness, place of residence and conducting continuous physical activity. The participation of a total 2,273 adolescents allowed the recording and evaluation of variables violent behavior (as measured by the scale of violent behavior at school) place of residence and physical activity. The results showed non-residents adolescents in the family home had higher aggressiveness indexes residents and practicing the sport regularly they had higher rates of aggression manifests that sedentary. The main conclusion indicated the need for develop more studies that attempt to elucidate in more detail those variables that can lead to aggressive behavior.

Hiperlaxitud ligamentosa (test de Beighton) en la población escolar de 8 a 12 años de la provincia de Granada / Hiperlaxity ligamentous (Beighton test) in the 8 to 12 years of age school population in the province of Granada

El test de Beighton es la herramienta más utilizada para la detección de la hiperlaxitud ligamentosa, que es la movilidad articular de rango excesivo. A través de este estudio de carácter descriptivo transversal llevado a cabo con una muestra de 2.956 niños/as (el 49,9% de chicos frente al 50,15% de chicas) de 8 a 12 años de la provincia de Granada se pretende detectar la prevalencia de la hiperlaxitud en la población escolar, determinar en qué sexo y a qué edad es más frecuente y en qué área geográfica de la provincia de Granada se establece mayor número de casos. En la recogida de datos que se realizó se empleó el test de Beighton, obteniendo que un 25,4% de los sujetos presentaron Beighton positivo (laxitud), que las chicas tenían proporciones más altas (62,1%) que los chicos, que entre los ocho y los diez años los valores son similares y disminuyen a partir de esa edad. En cuanto a las zonas, la distribución es bastante heterogénea, destacando el 50% de la zona 4 frente al 12% de la zona 2, debido a factores genéticos y raciales. Por último, este estudio pone de manifiesto que los datos obtenidos son inferiores a los hallados en el continente americano y ligeramente superiores a los encontrados en otros países europeos y africanos(AU)

The Beighton test is the most commonly used tool for detecting ligamentous hiperlaxity, characterized by excessive joint mobility. This descriptive-transversal study examines a sample of 2956 children (49,9% boys and 50,1% girls), from eight to twelve years of age, living in the province of Granada, The study aims to show the incidence level of hiperlaxity among the school-aged population, while establishing its frequency in relation to gender and age, and determining the area with the highest number of cases within the province of Granada. The Beighton test was used for data collection. The sample showed that 25, 4% of individuals got a positive Beighton result (laxity), and girls had a higher incidence level (62,1%) than boys. The results show as well a similar level of incidence among boys and girls between eight and ten years of age; however, the incidence decreases among younger children (under 8 years). Regarding the geographical areas, the distribution is quite heterogeneous, but we were able to highlight the difference between a result of 50% in Area 4 and 12% in Area 2, due to genetic and racial factors. In conclusion, the results obtained through this study show a lower hiperlaxity incidence compared to the results found in the American continent and they are slightly higher than those from other European and African countries(AU)

[Hiperlaxity ligamentous (Beighton test) in the 8 to 12 years of age school population in the province of Granada]. / Hiperlaxitud ligamentosa (test de Beighton) en la población escolar de 8 a 12 años de la provincia de Granada.

The Beighton test is the most commonly used tool for detecting ligamentous hiperlaxity, characterized by excessive joint mobility. This descriptive-transversal study examines a sample of 2956 children (49,9% boys and 50,1% girls), from eight to twelve years of age, living in the province of Granada, The study aims to show the incidence level of hiperlaxity among the school-aged population, while establishing its frequency in relation to gender and age, and determining the area with the highest number of cases within the province of Granada. The Beighton test was used for data collection. The sample showed that 25, 4% of individuals got a positive Beighton result (laxity), and girls had a higher incidence level (62,1%) than boys. The results show as well a similar level of incidence among boys and girls between eight and ten years of age; however, the incidence decreases among younger children (under 8 years). Regarding the geographical areas, the distribution is quite heterogeneous, but we were able to highlight the difference between a result of 50% in Area 4 and 12% in Area 2, due to genetic and racial factors. In conclusion, the results obtained through this study show a lower hiperlaxity incidence compared to the results found in the American continent and they are slightly higher than those from other European and African countries.